Minggu, 18 Maret 2012

Development of the Intel

Development of the Intel Processor Up With Now

Processor is a very important part of a computer, which serves as the brains of the computer. Without the computer's processor is just a machine that can not be anything.Processor developments from year to year has increased so rapidly bahka the pioneers such as Intel and AMD are always competing. Many histories experienced by Intel processors before the Processor is a powerful as the processor now dubbed Brain Computer is now the world's fastest Core i7 and Corei & Extreem the fastest.

Here is a processor-processor developments from year to year.

- In 1971, Intel issued a series MCS4 processor that is the forerunner of the i4040 processor. 4-bit processor is planned to be a brain calculator, the same year (1971), made revisions to the intel i440. Originally ordered by a Japanese company to manufacture calculators, it is much more powerful processors than expected, so Intel bought the rights to those of Japanese companies for the development and further research. This is where the precursor to the development towards a computer processor.


- In 1972 appeared the first i8008 8 bit processor, but somewhat less preferred because multivoltage and emerging i8080 processor, here there are so triple voltage changes, use of technology NMOS (PMOS no longer), and introduced the first system clock generator (pake additional chip), packaged in a DIP 40 pins Array. Then came also processor 2: Motorola MC6800 -1974, -1976 Zilog Z80 from (the two rivals), and other processor-processor 6500 series made by MOST, Rockwell, Hyundai, WDC, NCR, and so on. Z80 full compatible with the i8008 only up to the machine language level. Different levels of language assemblies (not compatible software level). I8080 processor is a processor with 8-bit internal registers, an 8-bit external bus, and 20-bit memory addressing (you can access 1 MB of total memory), and operating mode REAL.

- In 1977 appeared 8085 processor type, clock generator onprocessor, the use of single embryo bakalnya voltage +5 V (implementation up to 486DX2, DX4 starting at +3.3 V, etc.).

- In 1978 appeared i8086 processor, this processor has a register 16-bit external data bus, 16-bit and 20-bit memory addressing. This processor is also equipped with HMOS technology, components supporting 16-bit bus is very rare, so the price becomes very expensive.

- To address the growing market demands, then remove the processor type Intel i8088 internal bus 16bit, 8bit external bus. So that the i8088 can use 8bit peripheral components used i8008. IBM chose this chip for the IBM PC pebuatan because it is cheaper than the i8086. If only IBM's CEO at that time did not express PC side was a mere dream, of course, IBM will dominate the total PC market today. IBM PC first release in August 1981 has 3 versions of the IBM PC, IBM PC and IBM PC-Jr-XT (eXtended Technology). I8088 is a very popular chip, until the NEC unveiled a chip that is built based on the specifications of this chip pin, which is named V20 and V30. NEC V20 and V30 is compatible with Intel processors up to the assembly language level (software). 8088 and 8086 chip fully compatible with programs created for the 8080 chip, although there may be some programs that are made for 8086 does not work on 8088 chip (bus width difference).

- In the next year issued a processor type Intel i80186 and i80188. Since the advent i80186 processor type, processor began packaged in PLCC, LCC and PGA 68 feet ..physically i80186 square-shaped with 17 foot precision (PLCC / LCC) or two rows of foot-precision (PGA) and the start of this i80186 chip DMA and interrupt controller integrated into the processor. since using the 286, IBM uses the term computer IBM PC-AT (Advanced Technology) and has become a popular use of the term PersonalSystem (PS / 1). And also became known use 16-bit ISA slot that was developed from 8-bit ISA slot, the Cloner started popping crowded. There are AMD, Harris & MOS is fully compatible with Intel. In 286 it became known the use of Protected Virtual Adress Mode which allows for multitasking time sharing (via hardware resetting).

- Then to reach the lost momentum of the i8086 chip, Intel makes i80286, processor registers, 16-bit external bus 16-bit, protected mode is limited, known as the STANDARD mode using 24-bit memory addressing that can access a maximum of 16 MB of memory . 80 286 chips is of course fully compatible with the 808x series chips before, with the addition of several new instruction set. Unfortunately, this chip has a few bugs in its hardware design, thus failing to gather followers.

- In 1985, Intel unveiled the design of an entirely new processor: i80386. A 32-bit processor, in a sense has a register 32-bit external data bus, 32-bit, and maintain compatibility with previous generation processors, with the introduction of an additional 32-BIT PROTECTED mode for 32-bit memory addressing, is able to access a maximum of 4 GB, and do not forget the extra few new instructions. The chip is packaged in a PGA start (Pin Grid Array). Intel processors up to this point has not been used internally FPU unit. To support FPU, Intel launched a series of 80 × 87. Since the 386 is starting to emerge Cloner processor: AMD, Cyrix, NGen, TI, IIT, IBM (Blue Lightning) etc., various kinds:

1) DX i80386 (full 32 bit)

2) i80386 SX (cheap because of external 16bit)

3) i80486 DX (int 487)

4) i80486 SX (487 disabled)

5) Cx486 DLC (using MB 386DX, as well as others)

6) Cx486 SLC (using MB 386SX)

7) i80486DX2

8) i80486DX2 ODP

9) Cx486DLC2 (architecture MB 386)

10) Cx486SLC2 (architecture MB 386)

11) i80486DX4

12) i80486DX4 ODP

13) i80486SX2

14) 14.Pentium

15) Pentium ODP

- Around 1989, Intel launched i80486DX. Which is certainly very popular series, this series increased to 80 386 series is the speed and FPU support internal and clock multiplier scheme (series i486DX2 and iDX4), without additional new instructions. Due to public demand for cheaper processors, Intel launched a series i80486SX that no other processor FPU i80486DX the circuit has been disabled. As they should, i80486DX series has full compatibility with chip-chip instruction set of the previous series. AMD and Cyrix then buy i80386 processor design and i80486DX to make Intel-compatible processors, and they proved very successful. In my opinion this is called the 'cloning', just as stories NEC V20 and V30. AMD and Cyrix did not do a vertical design process (based on a previous series of chip), but based on an existing chip design to create a chip that class.

- In 1993, and Intel launched the Pentium processor. Increase of i80486: PGA structure is larger (higher speed, and pipelining, WITHOUT new instructions. Nothing special about this chip, only the fact that the VLB standard created for i80486 does not match (it is not compatible) so that the chipset makers forced to redesign to support PCI. Intel Pentium to use the term to "drag" his rivals. Since the Pentium is the Cloner start "falling out" stay AMD, Cyrix. Intel uses the term Intel Pentium lost in court because of a patent. the reason the numbers can not be patented , because it uses Intel Pentium TM issue. AMD + Cyrix did not want to fall behind, they issued a standard Pentium Rating (PR) earlier in the year had 92 intel collaboration with Sun, but failed, and Intel was sued by Sun for allegedly copying the design of Sun. Since the Pentium, Intel has implemented the ability Pipelining is usually no diprocessor cuman RISC (RISC like SunSparc). Vesa Local Bus is the development of a 32bit ISA 16bit architecture uses a fixed clock because it has its own clock generator (typically> 33MHz), while the PCI architecture is a new architecture that speeds Processor clock speeds clocknya follow (usually half the speed of processor speed). So the relative speed PCI VGA Card will not be the same at different frequencies alias MHz processor the faster MHz processor, the faster PCI his

- In 1995, the emergence of the Pentium Pro. Innovation disatukannya cache memory into the processor demand made socket 8. Pin-pin processor is divided into two groups: one group for the cache memory, and one group left to its own processor, which is nothing more than pin-pin Pentium altered its composition. Processor design allows a higher efficiency when handling 32-bit instructions, but if there is a 16-bit instructions appearing in 32-bit instruction cycle, then the processor will do the emptying of the cache so that the execution is slow. There's only one instruction is added: CMOV (Conditional MOVE).

- In 1996, the Pentium MMX. In fact nothing more than a Pentium with additional units and additional instruction set, ie MMX. Intel still has not provided a clear definition of the term MMX. Multi Media Extension is a term used AMD. There are some limitations on the design of this chip: for MMX module added only just into the design without redesign Pentium, Intel was forced to make the unit perform MMX and FPU sharing, in the sense that when the active FPU MMX non-active, and vice versa. So the Pentium MMX mode is not compatible with the Pentium MMX. What about the AMD K5? AMD K5-PR75 is actually a 'clone' i80486DX with the internal speed of 133MHz and 33MHz bus clock.Specifications Pentium AMD gained when designing the next versions K5 and Cyrix when designing a 6 × 86 is limited to the pin-pin Pentium specifications. They were not given access to the original design. Even IBM can not afford to make Intel budge (Cyrix, IBM has a contract until the year tied with 2005). About the design of AMD K6, K6 did you know that's actually the design of NexGen? When Intel declared making unit MMX, AMD is looking design and add it to the K6 MMX. Unfortunately, the specifications are obtained MMX AMD Intel seems not to be used, since proved to have many ketidakkompatibilitas K6 MMX instructions with Pentium MMX.

- In 1997, Intel launched the Pentium II, Pentium Pro with MMX technology which has two innovations: the cache memory does not become one with the core processor like the Pentium Pro, but is outside the core but works with processor speed. Innovation is what causes the loss of deficiency Pentium Pro (problems emptying the cache) The second innovation, the SEC (Single Edge Cartidge), Why? Since we can install the Pentium Pro processor in slot SEC with the help of a special adapter. Addendum: since L2 cache onprocessor, then speed = speed of the processor cache, whereas for PII its cache in the "outside" (using the processor module), then the speed is half the processor speed.Also mentioned the use of the PII Slot 1 for several reasons:

1) widen the data path (feet a lot - also became the reason for Socket 8), processing in PPro and PII can be parallel. Slot 1 because it is actually more a force in Multithreading / Multiple Processor. (Unfortunately the O / S has not been a lot of support, dual PII benchmark processorpun by ZDBench more done via Win95 rather than via NT)

2) Allows the upgrader Slot 1 without consuming a lot of space on the motherboard because if not ZIF socket 9, could be an area of ​​Form Factor (MB) of his own this space-saving concept has also been there since 8088. Why did also specs out at 286 SIMM?Some of these places is the efficiency and simplification of forms.

3) Allow the use of the cache module to more efficiently and with high speed balanced with processor speed and again without a lot of eating places, unlike AMD / Cyrix are "forced" to double its cache to rival the speed L1 PII (because of its slow L2) so thatconclusions AMD K6 and Cyrix 6 × 86 in the processor is not fast, but fast on cache hit!Because the L2 cache spec Socket7 speed will be limited to only the data bus as fast / slow further if the data bus is busy, but PII next year is planned to operate at 100MHz (66MHz instead of longer). Point is one of the reasons why the intel chipset change from 430 to 440 which means also need to replace the motherboard.

- On October 6, 1998, Intel Corporation released the fastest version of the dual processor Intel ® Pentium ® II Xeon ™ with a speed of 450 MHz, designed specifically for use on dual-processor (two-way) workstations and servers. The new processor is expected to be able to build a strong belief that the Pentium ® II Xeon ™ can be received in the market and the processor can be used as the basis for all Workstations and Servers. Dual processor (Dual-processor/two-way) will make the users are not directly move to this new generation of processors, this is due to a variety of complicated problems that have been resolved by the processor-processor such as Mission-Critical History. System vendors that include Compaq, Dell, Fujitsu, Gateway, HP, IBM, Intergraph, NEC, Siemens Nixdorf (SNI), TriStar and UMAX had planned to switch to this new processor that supposedly will take them to the level of data processing is more amazing. "The development of Intel processor technology continues to drive the workings of the computer to even higher levels, resulting in a very rapid expansion in the marketing sector of the Workstation and Servers," explained Anand Chandrasekher, Intel ® Workstation Production Division. "A very encouraging sign for us when the launch of the Pentium ® II processor Xeon ™ into the market, many new consumers are very interested in this processor architecture, therefore launching processor Xeon ™ Pentium ® II 450 MHz speeds, should be able to accelerate the trend development of high-speed processor in the present ". Like the rest of the family of microprocessor Intel ® Inside, the most prominent on the processor Pentium ® II Xeon ™ 450 MHz is Chaches Level 2 (L2) is larger, the speed of data processing, special handling in thermal protection, ability Multiprosessing, and 100-MHz system bus. Intel ® 440GX AGPset for workstations and servers with one or two processors are able to provide support of up to 20-GB memory and AGP Graphics are smoother and more real. These processors also support the development of operating systems like Windows NT (New Technology) for Workstation, Windows NT Servers, Netware and UNIX. Processor Pentium ® II Xeon ™ 450 MHz with 512 KB L2 cache for $ 824, approximately Rp. 5.768 million, - (exchange rate of Rp 7000, - per dollar); Processor Pentium ® II Xeon ™ 450 MHz four-lane (Four-way) if not prevented will be realized in early 1999.

- In 1999, Intel released processors of type Intel ® Pentium ® III Processor. Pentium III processor is a processor with an added 70 new instructions that dramatically enhance the ability of high-level imaging, three-dimensional, streaming audio, and video applications as well as voice recognition. Besides, in the same year Intel also released a processor type Intel ® Pentium ® III Xeon ®. Intel is back on sale server and workstation by issuing a series of Pentium III Xeon, but the type that has 70 SIMD command. The advantages of this processor is that it can speed up the processing of information from the system bus to the processor, which also significantly boosting performance. This processor is also designed to be combined with other similar processors.

- In 2000, Intel released processors of type Intel ® Pentium ® 4 Processor. Processor Intel Pentium IV is a product that speeds up the process is capable of penetrating speed of 3.06 GHz. First time out this processor speed 1.5 GHz with 423 pin form factor, then change the form factor Intel processor Intel Pentium 4 a pin 478 which starts from the processor Intel Pentium 4 1.3 GHz speed up the latest that is currently capable of penetrating speed of up to 3 , 4 GHz.

- On August 9, 2006, Intel Corporation launched its Intel Core 2 Duo processors intended for desktop PCs and workstations and laptop consumer and business - processors with technology that can produce better performance, lower power consumption, and usage flexibility for its users. "The new processors are the Core 2 Duo processors in the world," said Paul Otellini, Intel president and CEO. "The last time the industry saw the computer core is made back to the way it was when Intel introduced the Pentium processor. Core 2 Duo desktop processor contains 291 million transistors yet consuming only 40 percent less power and still be able to produce the performance needed for applications of the present and future. "Processor family that has been waiting for has had broad support with more than 550 The computer manufacturing system design - the most in Intel's history. In the end, tens of thousands of businesses will sell computers or components using the processors.

- Processor-Intel Core 2 Duo processors are built in several high-volume output manufacturing facilities using the world's most advanced silicon process technology from Intel 64-nanometer. Desktop PC version of the processors also generate increased performance by 40 percent and 40 percent more energy efficient than Intel's previous best processor. According to multiple independent review organizations, the processors win more than nine out of 10 benchmarks the performance of servers, desktop PCs and PC gaming. Family of Intel Core 2 Duo processors consist of a desktop PC processors tailored to the users of business, home, and enthusiast, as players are high-end game, and five mobile PC processors designed to meet the lifestyle needs of mobile .Workstations using the Intel Core 2 Duo will also deliver industry leading performance in terms of design, content creation and technical computing. The processor family is based on Intel Core micro architecture is revolutionary, designed to provide powerful yet energy-efficient. With the power of dual cores, or computing engines, the processors can manage numerous tasks faster. These processors can also work without problems when running more than one application, such as writing e-mails while downloading music or videos and conducting a virus scan. Chip-chip dual-core also improve tasks, such as viewing and playing high-definition video, protecting the PC and its assets during e-commerce transactions, and enabling improved battery life better for notebooks are slimmer and lighter.

- Consumers and businesses will have the option to purchase processors Intel Core 2 Duo as part of the platform-focused platforms from Intel, which consists of technology-Intel hardware and software technologies tailored to specific computing needs, including Intel vPro technology for businesses, Intel Centrino Duo mobile technology for laptops, and Intel Viiv technology for home users. Processors Intel Core 2 Duo has many advanced innovations, such as:

Intel Wide Dynamic Execution
Improve the performance and efficiency. Each core can complete up to four full instructions simultaneously using an 14-stage pipeline Efficient

Intel Smart Memory Access - Improving system performance by hiding memory latency, which then optimizes the use of available computer data bandwidth to provide data to the processor when needed.

Intel Advanced Smart Cache
Has an L2 cache or memory reservoir to reduce the sharing of power by minimizing memory "traffic" yet increases performance by allowing one core to utilize the entire cache when the other core is idle. Only Intel provides this capability in all segments.

Intel Advanced Digital Media Boost
Effectively doubles the execution speed for instructions used widely in multimedia applications and graphics.

Intel 64 Technology - This enhancement to Intel 32-bit architecture supports 64-bit computing, including enabling the processor to access larger amounts of memory.

Intel Dynamic Power Coordination
Coordinate the transitions Enhanced Intel SpeedStep ® Technology and idle power-management (C-states) independently per core to help save power.

Intel Dynamic Bus Parking
Enables platform power savings and better battery life by allowing the chipset to power down with the processor in low-frequency mode.

Enhanced Intel Deeper Sleep with Dynamic Cache Sizing - Saves power by "draining" cache data to system memory during periods of inactivity to lower processor voltages.

- In 2008, precisely on August 17, Intel released its newest product is the type of processor Intel Core 2 Extreme Quad Core. The newest product called Core 2 Extreme QX9300 processor with 45W TDP and features give special attention to the cooling or cooling system. The New Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9300 has a 2.53GHz Core clock set on and carried the Front Side Bus or FSB of 1066, and have 12MB of cache memory.The launching of this quad core processors just prior to the scheduled 2hari IDF 2008 started. For the price, The New Core 2 Extreme provides a facility that is promising but relatively low prices offered to the ability of a processor is amazing. The price for this mobile processor range from $ 1038 where the agreement Intel has done little to determine the price of this processor QX9300. For comparison, the Dual Core Mobile Chip with similar features, namely a clock speed of 2.53GHz with a price of $ 340, but his performance 3 times slower when compared to the QX9300. Of course if you want to match the QX9300 then the users will pay higher prices. Based on other sources of Quad Core development team, the development will be conducted to explore the desktop market share.

- Intel also released the other type of processor that is the name Core 2 Quad Q8200.This processor has a core clock of 2.33GHz and is planned to be introduced in August, exactly on 31. This processor has a FSB or front side bus of 1333 and 4MB of cache memory. Based on the Intel side, the price for this processor in the amount of $ 224, which is the price and the Intel processors have produced thousands of units to be marketed widely. So the Q8200 is a quad-core processor class cheapest processor that carries the line 45nm fabrication technology. Processor Q9300 with a core clock and 2.5GHz Processor Q9400 with 2.66GHz clock marketed at a price of $ 266.

- Processor i3, i5, i7, and i9

Currently the latest notebooks that use Intel processors have started to use the Intel Core family i. There are so-called Core i3, i5, and Core i7. All three are the official successor of the Intel Core 2 line of processors (Core2 solo, Core2 Duo, Core2 Quad). Repair what is offered with a range of Core i this? We will try to explain as simply as possible about this new line of notebook processors.

Nehalem

All Intel processors with Core name i built with the basic architecture called Nehalem.Simply put, this new architecture offers higher performance with power consumption settings are much better. There are some things that are hallmarks of the Nehalem architecture in general, when compared with the previous Core architecture.

Incorporation of components

On Nehalem, there are several components that are combined into one in the processor.The most important thing is the incorporation of the controller memory (RAM) into the processor. Previously, the controller is located outside the processor. With the inclusion of a memory controller into the processor, the speed of data flow between processors and memory to be higher. On M processor i3, i5 M, and M Core i7, Intel VGA even put it into the processor. This of course makes the VGA capabilities to be better than the previous onboard VGA.

Power efficiency, maximizing performance

On a Core2 Duo (with a 2 core processor processors / 2 cores), if the processor speed is 3 GHz, it means that both the processor core to work with a speed of 3 GHz. When the processor to rest, both will fall at the same speed as well. So, if there is software that can only use one processor core (eg Apple iTunes), the second processor core will be working at top speed (3 GHz). A core processor to work to process the data, while the other core bandwagon just to increase the speed without data processing.

On Nehalem, the conditions are different. For example in the Core i3 (2 core processor / 2 cores), the above conditions will make only one processor core to work and use the maximum speed. While an unused core processor stays at rest to conserve energy.

Hyper-threading (HT)

Did you know that a core processors are not always "employed" to the maximum? As an analogy, consider a processor with two cores (dual core) is a room with two people in it.By the time one person was asked to cook, her hands going to work. However, these people still can receive calls while cooking, is not it?
The same thing happens on the processor core. There are parts of the processor core is unused when a command is given to him. The possible cause is the command does not take advantage of certain parts of the processor. Then, how can we take advantage of these parts are not working? Maximizing technology called Intel processors work with the name Hyper-threading (HT).

A processor core with HT technology will be recognized by the Operating System (example: Windows7) as a 2 core processor. So, Operating System can give you two work on a processor core. This makes the Nehalem-based processors are able to work more leverage than its predecessor.

Turbo boost

This capability is the most excellent features of the Nehalem processor technology. The basic idea is HUGI (Hurry Up and Get Idle). The theory is that if a job is completed faster, the processor will be able to rest more quickly and save more energy.

In general, each processor has a maximum power consumption. Let us take the example Core i5 (2 core processors / cores) which limits the range of power consumption is about 35 Watt. If the VGA and memory controller on the Core i5 consuming 10 W, and only one processor core is used, the consumption of only 22.5W, is not it? Then, how can the processor can get the job done more quickly, while the software does not use the core-2 are available?

The remaining share of power consumption is 12.5W Core i5 can be used to perform Turbo boost. What happens is that (the Core i5-430M, 2.2GHz), the speed of a point can be increased up to 2.53 GHz. This is done by utilizing the remaining share of attention to power consumption and processor temperature. Thus, the processor will not exceed 35W power consumption, and will not overheat. Meanwhile, the software can get the job done faster.

Arrandale

What name is this? We adopted this name to distinguish the Core i7 Core i7 QM with M, Core i5 and Core i3 M M. Currently, the Core i7 Nehalem QM is still using 45 nm technology. Although very powerful, 45-nm technology on the Core i7 makes it work a little more heat. In addition, the Core i7 also has a VGA QM in its four-core processor (Quad Core).

Arrandale is the code for Nehalem-based processors for notebooks that use the 32 nm technology, and has a VGA integrated in the processor. Currently, Arrandale only have a maximum number of processor cores 2 (dual core). However, the performance remains high and its temperature tends to be cooler than the Core i7.

Processor Comparison

The following description of more details about these three products:

Intel Core i7
Core i7 is itself a first processor technology with "Nehalem". Nehalem uses a new platform that really different from previous generations. One is to integrate MCH chipset directly on the processor, not the motherboard. Nehalem also replace the function of the FSB to QPI (Quick Path Interconnect) which is more revolutionary.

Intel Core i5
If Bloomfield is the codename for the Core i7 is the codename for the Lynnfield Core i5.Core i5 is the value of the Core i7 series that will run on new Intel socket LGA-1156 socket is. Interested when I heard the word value? Exactly! Core i5 will be marketed at a price of around U.S. $ 186.

Excess Core i5 is the Northbridge chipset functions embedded in the processor core (known as the MCH on the motherboard). Then the Core i5 motherboard that will use the Intel P55 chipset (mainstream class) will be seen without the presence of vacant northbridge chipset. If the Core i7 Triple Channel DDR 3 uses, then the Core i5 Dual Channel DDR only use 3. The use of power is also reduced to 95 Watt. P55 chipset supports Triple Graphic Cards (3x) with 1 × 16 PCI-E slot and 2 x 8 PCI-E slot. Core i5 on the same cache, 8 MB L3 cache.

Intel also launched Clarksfield, the Core i5 mobile version intended for notebooks.Socket to be used is mPGA-989 and the power required is quite small in the amount of 45-55 Watts.

Intel Core i3
Intel Core i3 is a variant of the value compared to the other two brothers. This processor will integrate the GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) aka Graphics On-board processor inside. Claimed the same graphics capabilities with Intel G45 chipset GMA on.Additionally i3 will use a hybrid manufacturing, with a 32nm processor core, while the memory controller / graphics using 45nm. I3 product code is "Arrandale".

Core i7 QM

Core i7 notebook processors QM has the highest ability. There is no VGA on the processor, but a 4 core processor (quad core), high speed, and Turbo boost is the mainstay of the main. Processors with 4 cores and hyper-threading it will be set Windows as if they had 8 core processor! If you need the highest performance notebook that is even able to compete with the desktop, this is the choice. Generally, a notebook with a Core i7 will have a special VGA. So, gamers, graphic application users (Adobe Photoshop, 3ds Max), and high-performance enthusiasts will love it. Of course, there is a price to pay for this high performance.

Core i7 M

This is the Arrandale processors (2 processor cores) with the best performance. 32 nm technology make it work with a relatively low temperature. High speed, Hyper-threading, and Turbo boost makes high-performance. When combined with an additional VGA, Core i7-based notebook M will be an excellent choice for high performance enthusiasts.His ability to even be able to compete with Core i7 QM. Of course, with the relatively more affordable.

Core i5 M

Notebook with this processor does have a 2 core processor (dual core). However, the availability of Hyper-threading makes it appear as if he has a 4 core processor. Turbo boost a flagship in terms of performance. Meanwhile, integrated VGA is sufficient for 1080p HD movie playback, Blu-Ray and even film. If necessary, some mild 3D games can be played. If you want high performance with good mobility, Core i5 is a good choice. The price was not strangled.

Core i3 M

Although not equipped with Turbo boost, performance i3 remain charming. Hyper-threading can be used to make the most of his ability. VGA it also is more reliable than previous onboard VGA. If you have limited funds but want the best performance of the architecture of Intel, Core i3 is a far superior option than the Core2 Duo.

Testing Brief

Software which is a simulation of the use of various applications (MS Office, Adobe, 3ds Max, MS Outlook, etc.) This shows that even Core i3 330 easily beat the Core2 Duo T6600.

Software similar to SYSmark is more focused on the simple application of the commonly used notebooks. Ujinya results are not much different from previous ones.

3DMark 2006 is a software test graphics capabilities. From this test it appears that the Core i3 330M alone was superior to more than 50% compared to the onboard VGA is attached to the Core2 Duo T6600 (Intel GMA 4500MHD).

Intel released the latest generation of Intel processors i9 "Gulftown code name" [analogy of i7 + 2, with 6 physical cores, so that the total thread count could reach 12 parallel threads] with 12 MB L3, mid-2010 release.

Intel Atom

Intel Atom is the processor of the new ultra low power Intel Diamondville production code, is the most energy-efficient processors for desktop PCs today, the processor power required for 1 to 2.5 Watt or only about 3% of the power needed by the Intel Core 2 Duo (65 Watt), but can provide full capability X86 desktop PC, to boost multimedia functionality.

Intel Atom is equipped with support for Streaming SIMD Extensions 3 (SSE3). Intel atom processors manufactured with 45nm technology the, with 47juta transistor in it and the physical size of less than 26mm square, the smallest current Intel processors.

Intel Atom-based desktop PC was given the term nettop PC that can be interpreted as "low-cost". "Not only in terms of affordability, more than it is in fact Intel has initiated the era of the world's energy-efficient computers, especially desktop PC so that the understanding of low-cost to reach the daily usage fee, and we started the first time in Makassar," said Effendi conveyed by Wandy , Managing Director Elextra Computers, through the media release, Wednesday, September 17th.

PC-based Hybrid Grand SC530 ATOM suitable for all people, from students just starting to learn to use computers to office professionals, when in the test, the Hybrid PC Grand SC530 was very responsive to run office applications (internet, typing, calculation, tabulation and presentation ), as well as adequate in multimedia functions like playing music and video.

GRAND Hybrid SC530 with these specs: Intel ® Atom Processor 230 (512KB L2 cache / 1.6 GHz / 533MHz FSB), Intel 945GCLF board, 1GB PC5300 RAM, HDD 80GB/7200rpm SATA, DVD-CDRW Combo, Multi Card Reader, Keyboard + OpticalMouse, Speaker LCD Monitor active and 16? Wide XGA is priced at Rp 3.6 million.

Elextra The computer also provides the option for a cheaper price because it is actually Intel ATOM based PC with minimum specifications of the price can range from 2 million, the low price is intended to make it easier for students and academics to have a PC that fits their needs.


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