Exploring the VGA Card
Video card includes three components terumit contained in your PC. So many terms in the specification of a video card. What does it mean and which ones need attention?
His name is varied. Sometimes we are familiar with the name of the graphic card, video card, video board, video adapter, video accelerator, display adapter, video adapter, graphics accelerator, or graphics adapter. In the magazine PC Media, more commonly referred to as the video card. He is more popularly known as VGA cards. The term is more widely used, both at the user's PC or a manufacturer or seller.
And all refer to the same component. With the main task of the process of conversion of digital data containing the logical representation, a signal containing visual information to be displayed on the display screen.
In most cases, used as the display is a monitor, be it conventional CRT monitors (Cathode Ray Tube) monitors and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). Still included in the display is the use of projector, or TV monitor as an alternative.
Demographic component of the location of this one, it can simply be divided into two.
Expansion
This is often and more accurately called a VGA card. PC component that this one has its own processor. Called a GPU (Graphics Processing Units) by nVIDIA, and VPU (Visual Processing Units) by ATI.
It was equipped with a video memory completely separate from RAM on the motherboard. In most video card products, using a type of RAM is one step ahead of the motherboard RAM.
Integrated
Integrated on the motherboard, often called the integrated graphics controller. Average have a lower 3D performance, rather than expansion card. This is true, when comparing performance, with the era and the same class.
The main cause is most using relatively less expensive chipset, to reduce costs. Most also use the integrated graphics controller Sharring system memory, unlike the expansion card with dedicated memory.
VGA Glossary
So much to consider in purchasing a VGA card. Because it is of complexity, this one component includes three components terumit have in your PC.
Here we include the latest data specifications range from two manufacturers of graphics controller, ATI and nVIDIA. Start of the series ATI RV370 to R520 which can be found on its X1800 series. As for the start of the series nVIDIA GeForce 6200 mainstream to high-end product range GeForce 7800. Everything is a data reference specifications of the standard board chipset maker. While the VGA manufacturers themselves, often make improvements and changes to clock settings. With the aim to give an additional performance on its VGA products.
So many terms in the specification of a video card. What does it mean and which ones need attention?
Architecture GPU / VPU
Is the code of the GPU / VPU is used on the video card in question. VPU (Visual Processing Unit) is a term often used by ATI, nVIDIA, while calling it a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). Usually the sequence of numbers based on the chronological time behind the development or enhancement of technology and performance. In some cases, there could occur due to a generation leap and the other thing.
Manufacturing Process
Just like the CPU, GPU / VPU is made in the production process that continues to shrink, as the development of technology. Among others, to reduce production costs, increase the number of transistors (transistor count) in a confined space without adding significant heat energy during operation. In accordance with the development of process technology has been mastered.
DirectX Support
DirectX is a programming command API (Application Program Interface) used by Microsoft. It will be (slightly) easier for game developers work. Hardware compatibility issues as well as minimize the operating system is concerned.
By relying on a collection of standard commands that are available in DirectX, then almost certainly as long as compatible with Windows, the hardware in question will not have problems. Seiiring increasing DirectX version, it also comes with a new special instructions. Which only the hardware, the latest hardware as well. It's good to make sure the VGA card supports DirectX version that used the latest (for the version of DirectX 9.0c)
Bus Interface
Since its arrival in 2004 PCIe x16 ago, the presence of AGP is already in danger. Initially the data bandwidth PCIe x16 with 4GB / s which, when compared to 2.1 GB / s on AGP 8x be the main reason.
Since the development of (re) use of dual VGA, emphasize the development of the next video card. As you can see, most new products have been rare or even without including the version with interface AGP slot.
If the motherboard you are using does not have the availability of x16 PCIe slot, then the option to upgrade the video card would be a bit limited. The two largest producers, both ATi and nVIDIA have a tendency to no longer produce the latest video card chipset with AGP slot. Especially if you are interested to make use of dual VGA. Both the ATI CrossFire and nVIDIA SLI, they can only take on certain motherboards that are already using PCIe x16 slot.
Pixel and Vertex Shader
Vertex shader and pixel shader to work together in the rendering process to produce the final pixel display results. Usually work at the time of display objects in three dimensions.Both Direct3D, OpenGL, 3D scene, or another API can take advantage of both.
Version of the pixel shader and vertex shader is always evolving. Tailored to the specific commands that can be run on the latest API.
Examples are as follows. Shader Model 3.0 is a combination of two technologies used in DirectX 9.0. Namely, Pixel Shader 3.0 and Vertex Shader Model 3.0. Shader 3.0 is more likely the longer shader instruction (instruction 65 535) and allows dynamic branching.Meanwhile, Shader 2.0 is used in the version used in previous versions of DirectX. With more limited shader length (256 instruction) and do not support dynamic branching.
Pipelines
Instructions to the GPU texture, transformation (transperancy, deformation, reflections, and so on) into the final results that appear on the display pixel. A sequence of commands is done in a single pipeline. Latest GPU has multiple pipeline that allows work in parallel. Surely it would shorten the processing time. Broadly speaking, the more the pipeline, the better its ability to render.
MEMORY
Amount of memory also affects the maximum resolution that can be done. Most mainstream classes will range up to 128 MB capacity. Number will greatly affect the color depth and resolution that can be displayed.
A widely used type of RAM is DDR, DDR II, and GDDR. DDR and GDDR clock will be able to produce faster memory than DDR.
The greater width of the data (memory bus width) is possible for communication between the core and memory, the faster the data can be processed a VGA card.
Memory bandwidth based on the memory bus width, memory type and memory speed.For calculation details, see the discussion of RAM in the previous issue.
Most economical VGA cards, offering only limited data interface (64-bit). It is better to choose a product that has a 128-bit data interface, or 256-bit if the budget allows.
CLOCK SPEED
There are two clock speed to consider. The first is the core clock and the second is the memory clock.
We recommend that when comparing clock VGA card, compare the graphics adapter from the manufacturer of the same chipset. ATI with ATI, the GeForce and GeForce.
If there is a suspicious number, usually on the memory clock speed or memory is also called, is usually a manufacturer mentioned effective memory clock of memory used.
KNOW YOUR PARTS VIDEO CARD
Confused when viewing a video card, thus the number of components installed? The following brief explanation.
A. PCB (Printed Circuit Board)
On the video card, which used a variety of basic colors. Ranging from red, green and golden yellow.
There are two form factors are used. Most standard-sized with a height of about 99 mm (height bracket of about 127 mm) wide and varied. Size smaller, with a half height, known as low-profile form factor. This kind of video card is used as the mini PC. Occasionally found to operate with a riser card.
2. GPU / VPU
This is the core of a video card. An IC (integrated circuit), its duty as the CPU on a motherboard. He who handles the 2D and 3D. Usually covered by a heatsink and fan.
3. Memory
To distinguish the RAM / memory on the motherboard terinstalsi, more specifically referred to as video RAM. The similarity between the RAM with the video RAM is quite a lot. But in practice, especially RAM video card series high-end, often use faster memory chips than the motherboard RAM.
4. Bus Interface
For now, the choice is there are only two kinds of interfaces. Namely, the AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) and PCI Express. Previously had used the ISA and PCI slots for video card.
5. Cooling System
Could have a video card which does not use a cooling fan, or even without a heatsink?For the latest GPU, a thing almost impossible. With such a fast clock, hot during operation can achieve a high enough temperature. For information, the temperature on the passive heatsink (no fan) a GeForce FX5200 video card can reach the range of 60 ° C. Can imagine the heat that can be produced by a video card high-end class.
6. Display Interface
Most video cards offer three types of interface ports: DVI, VGA and TV-Out. And others, only a combination of three minor port. There are offers dual DVI, to be able to produce two views on the digital display. There is a facility that includes output support HDTV (high-definition TV), or VIVO (video input video output). Two of the latter, typically by including the additional functionality to the video port.
(Scriptintermedia.com)
Video card includes three components terumit contained in your PC. So many terms in the specification of a video card. What does it mean and which ones need attention?
His name is varied. Sometimes we are familiar with the name of the graphic card, video card, video board, video adapter, video accelerator, display adapter, video adapter, graphics accelerator, or graphics adapter. In the magazine PC Media, more commonly referred to as the video card. He is more popularly known as VGA cards. The term is more widely used, both at the user's PC or a manufacturer or seller.
And all refer to the same component. With the main task of the process of conversion of digital data containing the logical representation, a signal containing visual information to be displayed on the display screen.
In most cases, used as the display is a monitor, be it conventional CRT monitors (Cathode Ray Tube) monitors and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). Still included in the display is the use of projector, or TV monitor as an alternative.
Demographic component of the location of this one, it can simply be divided into two.
Expansion
This is often and more accurately called a VGA card. PC component that this one has its own processor. Called a GPU (Graphics Processing Units) by nVIDIA, and VPU (Visual Processing Units) by ATI.
It was equipped with a video memory completely separate from RAM on the motherboard. In most video card products, using a type of RAM is one step ahead of the motherboard RAM.
Integrated
Integrated on the motherboard, often called the integrated graphics controller. Average have a lower 3D performance, rather than expansion card. This is true, when comparing performance, with the era and the same class.
The main cause is most using relatively less expensive chipset, to reduce costs. Most also use the integrated graphics controller Sharring system memory, unlike the expansion card with dedicated memory.
VGA Glossary
So much to consider in purchasing a VGA card. Because it is of complexity, this one component includes three components terumit have in your PC.
Here we include the latest data specifications range from two manufacturers of graphics controller, ATI and nVIDIA. Start of the series ATI RV370 to R520 which can be found on its X1800 series. As for the start of the series nVIDIA GeForce 6200 mainstream to high-end product range GeForce 7800. Everything is a data reference specifications of the standard board chipset maker. While the VGA manufacturers themselves, often make improvements and changes to clock settings. With the aim to give an additional performance on its VGA products.
So many terms in the specification of a video card. What does it mean and which ones need attention?
Architecture GPU / VPU
Is the code of the GPU / VPU is used on the video card in question. VPU (Visual Processing Unit) is a term often used by ATI, nVIDIA, while calling it a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). Usually the sequence of numbers based on the chronological time behind the development or enhancement of technology and performance. In some cases, there could occur due to a generation leap and the other thing.
Manufacturing Process
Just like the CPU, GPU / VPU is made in the production process that continues to shrink, as the development of technology. Among others, to reduce production costs, increase the number of transistors (transistor count) in a confined space without adding significant heat energy during operation. In accordance with the development of process technology has been mastered.
DirectX Support
DirectX is a programming command API (Application Program Interface) used by Microsoft. It will be (slightly) easier for game developers work. Hardware compatibility issues as well as minimize the operating system is concerned.
By relying on a collection of standard commands that are available in DirectX, then almost certainly as long as compatible with Windows, the hardware in question will not have problems. Seiiring increasing DirectX version, it also comes with a new special instructions. Which only the hardware, the latest hardware as well. It's good to make sure the VGA card supports DirectX version that used the latest (for the version of DirectX 9.0c)
Bus Interface
Since its arrival in 2004 PCIe x16 ago, the presence of AGP is already in danger. Initially the data bandwidth PCIe x16 with 4GB / s which, when compared to 2.1 GB / s on AGP 8x be the main reason.
Since the development of (re) use of dual VGA, emphasize the development of the next video card. As you can see, most new products have been rare or even without including the version with interface AGP slot.
If the motherboard you are using does not have the availability of x16 PCIe slot, then the option to upgrade the video card would be a bit limited. The two largest producers, both ATi and nVIDIA have a tendency to no longer produce the latest video card chipset with AGP slot. Especially if you are interested to make use of dual VGA. Both the ATI CrossFire and nVIDIA SLI, they can only take on certain motherboards that are already using PCIe x16 slot.
Pixel and Vertex Shader
Vertex shader and pixel shader to work together in the rendering process to produce the final pixel display results. Usually work at the time of display objects in three dimensions.Both Direct3D, OpenGL, 3D scene, or another API can take advantage of both.
Version of the pixel shader and vertex shader is always evolving. Tailored to the specific commands that can be run on the latest API.
Examples are as follows. Shader Model 3.0 is a combination of two technologies used in DirectX 9.0. Namely, Pixel Shader 3.0 and Vertex Shader Model 3.0. Shader 3.0 is more likely the longer shader instruction (instruction 65 535) and allows dynamic branching.Meanwhile, Shader 2.0 is used in the version used in previous versions of DirectX. With more limited shader length (256 instruction) and do not support dynamic branching.
Pipelines
Instructions to the GPU texture, transformation (transperancy, deformation, reflections, and so on) into the final results that appear on the display pixel. A sequence of commands is done in a single pipeline. Latest GPU has multiple pipeline that allows work in parallel. Surely it would shorten the processing time. Broadly speaking, the more the pipeline, the better its ability to render.
MEMORY
Amount of memory also affects the maximum resolution that can be done. Most mainstream classes will range up to 128 MB capacity. Number will greatly affect the color depth and resolution that can be displayed.
A widely used type of RAM is DDR, DDR II, and GDDR. DDR and GDDR clock will be able to produce faster memory than DDR.
The greater width of the data (memory bus width) is possible for communication between the core and memory, the faster the data can be processed a VGA card.
Memory bandwidth based on the memory bus width, memory type and memory speed.For calculation details, see the discussion of RAM in the previous issue.
Most economical VGA cards, offering only limited data interface (64-bit). It is better to choose a product that has a 128-bit data interface, or 256-bit if the budget allows.
CLOCK SPEED
There are two clock speed to consider. The first is the core clock and the second is the memory clock.
We recommend that when comparing clock VGA card, compare the graphics adapter from the manufacturer of the same chipset. ATI with ATI, the GeForce and GeForce.
If there is a suspicious number, usually on the memory clock speed or memory is also called, is usually a manufacturer mentioned effective memory clock of memory used.
KNOW YOUR PARTS VIDEO CARD
Confused when viewing a video card, thus the number of components installed? The following brief explanation.
A. PCB (Printed Circuit Board)
On the video card, which used a variety of basic colors. Ranging from red, green and golden yellow.
There are two form factors are used. Most standard-sized with a height of about 99 mm (height bracket of about 127 mm) wide and varied. Size smaller, with a half height, known as low-profile form factor. This kind of video card is used as the mini PC. Occasionally found to operate with a riser card.
2. GPU / VPU
This is the core of a video card. An IC (integrated circuit), its duty as the CPU on a motherboard. He who handles the 2D and 3D. Usually covered by a heatsink and fan.
3. Memory
To distinguish the RAM / memory on the motherboard terinstalsi, more specifically referred to as video RAM. The similarity between the RAM with the video RAM is quite a lot. But in practice, especially RAM video card series high-end, often use faster memory chips than the motherboard RAM.
4. Bus Interface
For now, the choice is there are only two kinds of interfaces. Namely, the AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) and PCI Express. Previously had used the ISA and PCI slots for video card.
5. Cooling System
Could have a video card which does not use a cooling fan, or even without a heatsink?For the latest GPU, a thing almost impossible. With such a fast clock, hot during operation can achieve a high enough temperature. For information, the temperature on the passive heatsink (no fan) a GeForce FX5200 video card can reach the range of 60 ° C. Can imagine the heat that can be produced by a video card high-end class.
6. Display Interface
Most video cards offer three types of interface ports: DVI, VGA and TV-Out. And others, only a combination of three minor port. There are offers dual DVI, to be able to produce two views on the digital display. There is a facility that includes output support HDTV (high-definition TV), or VIVO (video input video output). Two of the latter, typically by including the additional functionality to the video port.
(Scriptintermedia.com)
Simply DO Bit and type of memory (DDR) is the data memory bandwidth nentuin vga. Kcepatan nentuin bandwidth data transfer from memory for processing it can be checked ama core.bandwith use GPU-Z (how many GB / s). For which clay already, if puzzled why can dpet result that much, itung2annya of bits divided by 8 times the speed of DDR.
For example: 9800gtx.memory bandwithnya 256/8 x 2200 (DDR3) = 70.4 GB / s
Memory Bus (bit): Proverbial ledeng.klo pipe would get a lot of water, so contrived wider pipe .. However, the impact vga so gede2/makan space banyak.liat who wrote vga 64,128,256 different sizes, n 512bit.
klo tu DDR data rate per pin, supposing instead of making big pipe, mending openings kerannya who wrote dipolin (arusny who contrived kenceng).
so, if the technology is generally vga memory types (DDR) i stuck a new, contrived bitnya width / vganya kepaksa so gede2.
GPU / VGA bandwidth that big love. Makin big bandwidth, the more raw data2 cepet rich texture, shader, physical engine n bla2 who delivered at the core of each detiknya.ntar corenya who ngerender / translate so gambar.klo memory size influences the amount of data which is stored a vga can, let me ga n hardisk ngakses RAMnya comp sering2.klo already shortage of memory (usually due to the make or ultra high res texture which too big or too much make-AA), vga will be busy ngeload data from the RAM disk n make comp n + FPS so drop drastisss macrostuttering (ngelag) due to a lull for nginput data from disk to memory vga, vga at the break of which ga onboard memory (RAM comp which shared) to corenya vga.
Could be analogous to a car .. torque bandwidth arguably, arguably the Horse powernya corenya. But just about the core clock ga. Because the GPU core is also composed of ROPs, SPU (klo pixelshader & vertexshader first term), and texturing low unit.clocknya but klo who 3tadi tetep aja ya big strong ..
Example, just try it the same penalty didownclock500MHz 9800GTX 9600GT 650MHz.sama2 256 bit, DDR3 sama2 but a different number of ROPs, SPU n Texturing Unit, but the 9800GTX could be stronger.
But if badwith practically influence on high resolution which can be spelled keliru.soalnya like I said above, who are more responsible for the resolution, texture size ama ya memory.justru use of AA in the resolution bandwidth ngaruhnya rendah.klo bandwithnya big, vganya definitely will "scaling well "from a small res into small bandwithnya gede.tapi klo, vga res will lack power in the so-called bottleneck rendah.itulah
gini deh, tau core i7 right? reply using that memory bandwidth because big (DDR3) n bitnya too big (1366pin) kmampuannya ngehandel triple SLI so Quad core boomed who compare it with 775 pin DDRII pake. jg-nge Corei7 quadcore Eliminate bottlenecks in low resolution (clay benchmark).
Reference design sense and OC edition
Type Reference Design / Reference Design is a type of factory Original VGA (ATI / NVIDIA). Design, Performance, Clock, Features, Shape PCB, and Pendngin / her fan all the same as the original which was introduced by ATI / NVIDIA her. is what distinguishes distributions / vendors (ASUS, GIGABYTE, GECUBE, Etc.) just stick to the company logo and product memaket sendiri2 way. Basically the type of vga the reference design are all the same .. given only the logo only on VGAnya.
Type Overclock Edition (OC) or the so called non-vga Reference Design is a modification of vendor type / Distro (GECUBE, ASUS, SAPPHIRE, Etc). PCB forms, Fan, Clock, and so modified in such a way that VGA cooler, faster, and more power efficient than VGA Reference Design. Usually the Vendor / Distro raise clock, Memory, VGA etc to improve performance. Of course a price which is more expensive. Examples can be seen in various products such as; HIS IceQ series with her, Palit / DA SONIC with its series, or series SAPPHIRE TOXIC with her.
GPU A brief history:
The first GPU manufactured by IBM as the IBM PC video card in 1981. At that time the term MDA (Monochrome Display Adapter) and can only operate to text mode with a size of 80 columns 25 rows (80 × 25). Has a video memory of 4KB and only supports one color.
After the emergence of MDA was then popping some graphics cards.
VGA success attracting companies such as ATI, and S3 Cirrs Logic to develop this technology to improve the resolution and number of colors. This gave rise to the technology standard resolution SVGA (Super VGA), with 1024 × 768 resolution, 256 colors and 2MB memory.
In 1995 came onto the market 2D/3D graphics cards developed by Matrox, Creative, S3, ATI etc.. This graphics card but have followed the SVGA standard supports 3D technology.
DFX 1997.3 in issuing a Voodoo graphics chip is more powerful than other graphics cards at the time, with the introduction of technologies such as 3D effects, MIP mapping, Z-buffering and anti-aliasing. After the appearance of Voodoo, other 3D graphics card such as Voodoo2 from 3dfx popping, TNT and TNT2 Nvidia made.
Bandwidh required by graphics cards is approaching the limit of the capacity of the PCI bus at the time. Intel developed the AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) which solved the bottleneck problem between the microprocessor and graphics card. From 1999 to 2002, Nvidia graphics card market control (beat 3dfx) with its GeForce products.
Since 2003, ATI and Nvidia dominates the graphics card market with their GeForce and Radeon products with a number close to 90%.
Well-known manufacturer of graphics cards:
ATI Technologies and NVIDIA
ATI Technologies
ATI (ATI Technologies Inc.) is a major designer and supplier of graphics processing units and motherboard chipsets. In 2006, the company was acquired by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) and changed its name to the AMD Graphics Product Group, nevertheless, a name still used for the ATI graphics card naming them.
One of the most famous product is the Radeon series graphics cards are always competing with the other graphics card company that issued the NVIDIA GeForce series.
ATI graphics card is also used in game consoles Xbox 360 and Nintendo Wii.
NVIDIA
NVIDIA Corporation (NASDAQ: NVDA) is a leading manufacturer of graphics processors (graphics processing unit), graphics card, and media and communication tools for personal computers and game consoles Sony Playstation 3. The most famous product of NVIDIA GeForce series is used for playing computer games.
NVIDIA main headquarters located at Highway San Tomas, Santa Clara, California. Series is the latest NVIDIA GeForce GTX 280 which has been using DirectX version 10. NVIDIA is the toughest rival company which issued a series ATI Radeon. In 2001, the company reached U.S. $ 1.37 billion in revenue and net income of U.S. $ 177.1 million.
(Wikipedia)
